perl笔记 array

#!perl -w
$enter="\n";
$empty="";
@b=qw/a b c d e/;
print "数组\@b的长度是$#b \n";      $#arrayname用来获得数组的最后一个索引值
@a=1..9;
#取出数组的最后元素
$nine=pop(@a);
$e=pop @b;
print $nine.$e;
print "\n";
#向数组最后添加元素
push @a,11..15;
print "@a\n";
#取出数组的开头元素
$one=shift @a;
print $one.$enter;
#向数组开头添加元素
unshift @a,$one;
print "@a";
print $enter;
print @a.$empty."-------------\n";
print scalar @a;
print "\n";
print "@b";
print $enter;
print ${e}."\n";
foreach (@b){
print $_."-";
}
print "\n";
#翻转
@a= reverse @a;
print "@a";

splice拼接数组
@a = qw(Steve Stu Stan);
splice @a, 1, 1, 'Stewart', 'Zane';
# @a = ('Steve', 'Stewart', 'Zane', 'Stan') 
格式：splice 数组,起始位置,偏移量,数组

map 实现foreach
my @array = ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 );
my %hash  = map { $_ => $_ * 9 } @array;
# %hash   = ( 1 => 9, 2 => 18, 3 => 27, 4 => 36, 5 => 45 )

my @array       = ( 'ReD', 'bLue', 'GrEEN' );
my @fixed_array = map(ucfirst, map(lc, @array)); # note the nested 'map' functions
# @fixed_array  = ( 'Red', 'Blue', 'Green' )


grep  foreach在数组中查找
my @array     = ( 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 );
my @new_array = grep { $_ * 9 } @array;
# @new_array  = ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 );

改变原数据
my @array     = ( 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 );
my @new_array = grep { $_ *= 9 } @array;
# @array      = ( 0, 9, 18, 27, 36, 45 );
# @new_array  = ( 9, 18, 27, 36, 45 );

my @does = grep { /\bDoe$/ } @people;

#希望god和我以后可以看懂我这是要干啥